Aby/Abby: Abynissia
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6170
Alch: Alchemist
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6005
BD: Bone Dragon
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6129
Brian: Brian the Lucky
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6092
Bun/Bunni: Bunni’Nog
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6185
RAINBOW SNAKE: Couatl
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6237
Bat/CB: Crimson Bat
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6078
Cathy: Cthryzyx
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6121
Drak/Draak: Draakulis
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6169
Dracos: DRACOS 1337
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6252
EK/Khorvash/Khorv: Emperor Khorvash
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6227
FG/Mini-Groot: Forest Guardian
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6298
Gard/GA: Gard’s Avatar
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6296
Spider/GS: Giant Spider
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6110
Emo-tree: Gloom Leaf (Flavor text: Emo-tree is not amused)
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6071
Rocket: Goblin Rocket
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6137
Gorg/Gorgo//Gotha: Gorgotha
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6075
Hob: Hobgoblin
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6128
IK: Infernal King
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6183
Jarl: Jarl Firemantle
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6080
KoS: Keeper of Souls
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6074
Coro/Coronet/KC: Knight Coronet
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6059
Kruarg: Kruarg the Dread (Probably named for the sound it makes)
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6244
Nax/Krys/Shiny: Krystenax
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6328
Ana/Anariel/Lady A:
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6239
Sirrian: Luther (I occasionally mix them up)
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6081
Manti: Manticore
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6225
Mercy: This isn’t short for anything.
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6167
Morthani: Either Morthani’s Will or Morthani’s Scythe
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6205
http://ashtender.com/gems/weapons/1051
Pharos: Pharos-ra
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6297
Elspeth: Princess Elspeth
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6326
Also might be http://gatherer.wizards.com/Pages/Card/Details.aspx?name=elspeth+tirel
Mab: Queen Mab
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6191
Ysa: Queen Ysabelle
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6259
SD: Shadow Dragon
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6079
Sooth: Soothsayer
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6139
Sylv/Salad Dragon: Sylvanimora
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6241
TDS/DS: The Dragon Soul
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6236
Maw: The Great Maw
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6160
Valk: Valkyrie
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6062
Wulf: Wulfgarok
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6300
Converter: Any troop that changes one gem type to another.
Primary converters are troops that transform any color to a specific gem type. There is one for each color, and then one to convert any color to skulls. Because of the ability to convert any color to a color of your choice, these troops are considered some of the strongest in the game for their ability to foster synergies and provide entire teams with mana, often without even passing the turn to your opponent.
Primary Converters:
Alchemist: Yellow
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6005
Apothercary: Brown
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6256
Giant Spider: Purple
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6110
Green Seer:Green
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6124
Hellcat: Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6216
Valkyrie: Blue
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6062
Keeper of Souls: Skulls
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6074
Finley is an odd case here, sitting between primary and secondary converters as he converts a set gem type (Skulls) to any color, so he gets a special mention.
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6093
Secondary converters are a bit more niche and change a set gem type to another set gem type, such as changing all blue gems to purple or so on.
Secondary converters:
Anointed One: Green -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6152
Banshee: Blue -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6053
Bastite Priestess: Green -> Purple, Yellow -> Skulls
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6299
Deck Hand: Purple -> Blue
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6270
Drake Rider: Yellow -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6133
Forest Guardian: Purple -> Skulls, Green -> Brown
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6298
Green Slime: Green -> Purple
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6163
Infernal King: Green -> Skulls, Brown -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6183
Mercy: Purple -> Yellow
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6167
Naga Queen: Brown -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6203
Pharos-ra: Yellow -> Purple
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6297
Shadow Dragon: Yellow -> Purple
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6079
Sheggra: Red -> Skulls
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6065
Sunsail: Yellow -> Brown
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6281
Sylvasi: Blue -> Purple
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6104
Templar: Red -> Green
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6100
Villager: Yellow -> Brown
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6295
Werewolf: Purple -> Blue
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6294
Winged Bison: Purple -> Red
http://ashtender.com/gems/troops/6242